In a stunning discovery that overturns decades of textbook teaching, researchers at the University of Virginia (UVA) School of Medicine have determined that the brain is directly connected to the immune system by vessels previously thought not to exist. That such vessels could have escaped detection when the lymphatic system has been so thoroughly mapped throughout the body is surprising on its own, but the true significance of the discovery lies in the effects it could have on the study and treatment of neurological diseases ranging from autism to Alzheimer's disease to multiple sclerosis.
[..]
The discovery was made possible by the work of Antoine Louveau, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow in Kipnis' lab. The vessels were detected after Louveau developed a method to mount a mouse's meninges - the membranes covering the brain - on a single slide so that they could be examined as a whole. "It was fairly easy, actually," he said. "There was one trick: We fixed the meninges within the skullcap, so that the tissue is secured in its physiological condition, and then we dissected it. If we had done it the other way around, it wouldn't have worked."
After noticing vessel-like patterns in the distribution of immune cells on his slides, he tested for lymphatic vessels and there they were. The impossible existed. The soft-spoken Louveau recalled the moment: "I called Jony [Kipnis] to the microscope and I said, 'I think we have something.'"
[..]
"It's so close to the blood vessel, you just miss it," he said. "If you don't know what you're after, you just miss it."
brian wilson - smile
20 ish - he saw the whole canvas - he could see it all at once
41 min - that gave us some sort of validation.. that what we were supposed to do was explore (bernstein)
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A long time ago, a man tried to expose America's secret torture program. That his name has been forgotten is a tragedy. I knew him well. He was brilliant, tortured himself over what he had seen, and was hounded by the Nixon administration. His name was Tony Russo and you should read this.http://www.thenation.com/
A good short convo abt literacies of attention, crap detection, participation, collaboration, network know-howhttps://t.co/rSlSBayNsC
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I AM GOING TO DO THIS THING. RT @girlonabikedc touch their belly in return. It usually gets them to think twice. And its oddly satisfying
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on neotony - retaining childhood characteristics for entire life.. what makes us human. - Lila Tretikov #PDF15
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on internet dot org as walled garden in india - ie: competition, diversity - @sunil_abraham #PDF15
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"...it’s not so much that [revolutionaries] have a vision, it’s that they are possessed by it. They are often difficult, eccentric personalities by nature, because they are stepping out front to confront a system of power [in a way that is] almost a kind of a form of suicide. But in moments of extremity, these rebels are absolutely key; and that you can’t pull off seismic change without them."
President Reif talks about "tell me about your day" a student response to suicide at @MIT in his graduation remarks.
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College students spent 4.3 Billion dollars on text books alone last year... college is big business
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shared on fb by tolu
Study lists #Longmont as top alternative to offshoring IT, other business process services: http://t.co/jF3I1drSn6via @bizwestmedia #STEM
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Where *all drugs are fully decriminalized https://t.co/cNFBqq9Y2E
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@cogdog It *was* civil. I quite enjoy Reddit as classroom.
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"Syrian women tear off black garb as they flee ISIS territory" http://t.co/HgBNRuKv9k cc @courosa for your "pics that tell a story" file.
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University as "as an association of masters and scholars leading the common life of learning"http://t.co/Sm7SGADakk Those days are gone...
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A great teacher like Socrates gave no diplomas; if a modern student sat at his feet for three months, he would demand a certificate, 4something tangible and eternal to show for it — an excellent theme, by the way, for a Socratic dialogue.
So long as knowledge was limited to the seven liberal arts of the early Middle Ages, there could be no universities, for there was nothing to teach beyond the bare elements of grammar, rhetoric, logic, and the still barer notions of arithmetic, astronomy, geometry, and music, which did duty for an academic 8curriculum. Between 1100 and 1200, however, there came a great influx of new knowledge into western Europe, partly through Italy and Sicily, but chiefly through the Arab scholars of Spain — the works of Aristotle, Euclid, Ptolemy, and the Greek physicians, the new arithmetic, and those texts of the Roman law which had laid hidden through the Dark Ages.
Historically, the word university has no connection with the universe or the universality of learning; it denotes only the totality of a group, whether of barbers, carpenters, or students did not matter. The students of Bologna organized such a university first as a means of protection against the townspeople, for the price of rooms and necessaries rose rapidly with the crowd of new tenants and consumers, and the individual student was helpless against such profiteering. United, the students could bring the town to terms by the threat of departure as a body, secession, for the university, having no buildings, was free to move, and there are many historic examples of such migrations. Better rent one’s rooms for less than not rent them at all, and so the student organizations secured the power to fix the prices of lodgings and books through their representatives.
When I first visited the University of Palermo I found it just recovering from a riot in which the students had broken the front windows in a demand for more frequent, and thus less comprehensive, examinations. A
What then is our inheritance from the oldest of universities? In the first place it is not buildings or a type of architecture, for the early universities had no buildings of their own, but on occasion used private halls and neighboring churches.
It is, then, in institutions that the university tradition is most direct. First, the very name university, as an association of masters and scholars leading the common life of learning.
this part... these days are gone? or just beginning?
Characteristic of the 35Middle Ages as such a corporation is, the individualistic modern world has found nothing to take its place. Next, the notion of a curriculum of study, definitely laid down as regards time and subjects, tested by an examination and leading to a degree, as well as many of the degrees themselves — bachelor, as a stage toward the mastership, master, doctor, in arts, law, medicine, and theology. Then the faculties, four or more, with their deans, and the higher officers such as chancellors and rectors, not to mention the college, wherever the residential college still survives. The essentials of university organization are clear and unmistakable, and they have been handed down in unbroken continuity. They have lasted more than seven hundred years — what form of government has lasted so long?
this part... good or bad that they might leave us... ?
Very likely all this is not final — nothing is in this world of flux — .... Universities are at times criticised for their aloofness or their devotion to vocationalism, for being too easy or too severe, and drastic efforts have been made to reform them by abolishing entrance requirements or eliminating all that does not lead directly to bread and butter; but no substitute has been found for the university in its main business, the training of scholars and the maintenance of the tradition of learning and investigation.
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The glory of the mediaeval university, says Rashdall, was “the consecration of Learning,” and the glory and the vision have not yet perished from the earth. “The mediaeval university,” it has been said, “was the school of the modern spirit.”
Imagining the desperation to one get on that tiny boat, the open sea, no guarantee, to sail towards uncaring lands. https://t.co/3ZT9sWBfHj
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@johncusack The story is in the music and it was there all along!
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Perhaps we fear robots and robotics because we have marginalized our own human value. I mean, can't we hand off the banal & the menial?
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Love this quote from Slide 15 http://t.co/tlmAcRN0OM @dajbelshaw #onted #ontedleadershttp://t.co/3YUlCFNOYn
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The more your job helps people, the less you're paid (and vice-versa) http://t.co/11FQht50dXhttp://t.co/425KZQhsnu
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LIVE: Whistleblower Coleen Rowley now speaking at @CourageFound event on surveillancehttps://t.co/oG2nSJoT2m
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ICYMI: Neuroscientist @drcarlhart says drugs are not the problem: http://t.co/8LEPNZd6mv
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Congress requires ICE to lock up 34,000 immigrants to keep its funding | http://t.co/ihVZNI6m6F @ThisIsFusion #PrisonsForProfit
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Helsinki’s free, city-wide Wi-Fi network is faster than your home internet http://t.co/AL9Y47wfGP
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Molly Ringwald and her 10-year-old watch The Breakfast Club http://t.co/cp8d8SqXYs http://t.co/y4fMN9rC4N
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Oscar Wilde's aphorism on punishment speaks to #KaliefBrowder tragic predicament https://t.co/cSYxjF4Nwe
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Here's the online streaming schedule for @DMLConference http://t.co/cEjBOpiNT2
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2 Dismantle #rikersisland our nation has 2 dismantle its zest that sees jail as the only option. @KhaCumberbatch @MRFIVEINC @bazdreisinger
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